Type-writing machine.



` No. 638,09l. Patented Nov. 28, |899.

M. S. CARMONA.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE; (Application mea Aug. 24, 1597.) (No Model.) IlSheeIs--Sheet l.

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No. 638,09I. Patented Nov.' 28, |899. M. S. CARMDNA.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Application filed Aug. 24, 1897.)

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Patented Nov. 28, |899.

M. S. CARMONA.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Application filed Aug. 24, 1897.)

Il Sheets-Sheet 3..

(No Mudel.)

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N0. 638.09l. Patented Nov. 28, |899. M. S.,CARMONA.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Application led Aug 24, 1897.) (Nn Model.)

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No. 638,09l. Patented Nov. 28, |899. M. s. CARMONA.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Application filed Ang. 24, 1897.) um Model.) A u sheets-sheet s.

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No. 638,09I. a Patented Nov. 28, |899. M. S. CARMONA.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Application med Aug. 24, 1897.) (No Model.) Il Sheets-Shadi.

ma Nonms PETERS oo.. PHoToLTHo.. wnsnmcfqn, u. c.

No. 638,09I.` PatentedNv.-28, |899.

' M. S. CARMONA.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Application led Aug. 24, 1897.)

(No Modal.) Il Sheets-Sheet 7.

ATTRNEYS.

mi Ncnms PETERS co., moro-uma., wAsmNmoN. D. c.

Patented Nov. 28, |899.

M. s. CARMONA. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Application filed Aug. 24, 1897.)

ll Sheets-Sheet 8.

(No Model.)

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No. 638,09I. Patented Nov. 28, |899. M. S. CARMONA.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Application led Aug. 24, 1897.) (No Model.) Il Sheets-Sheet 9.

A TTOHNE YS.

No; 638,091. l Patented Nov. 2a, |899. M. s. cARMoNA.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Application filed Aug. 24, 1897.)

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No. 6381,09I. Patented Nov. 28, |899.

M. S. CARMONA.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

. l (Appuwian med Ang. 24, 1897.) (No Model.) II Sheets-Sheet Il.

W/ TNE SSE S me NoRms PETERS co. Puo'raumn., wnmaron. D. c.

MANUEL S. CARMONA, OF MEXICO, MEXICO.

""rYPE-WRIMTING MACHIN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 638,091, cated November2, 18.5991

Application filed August 24, 1897. Serial No. 649,313. (No model.)

Be it known that I, MANUEL S. CARMONA, of the city of Mexico, Mexico,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Type-Writing Machines, ofwhich the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The principal object of this machine is to obtain with only five keysall the characters and signs generally employed in writing, the keysbeing limited to five Vso that the writing canbe accomplished with onehand. To obtain aletter, character, or space it will only be necessaryto press one key or several keys at the same time. Thirty-one charactersare obtained in this way, that being the number of combinations obtainedwith tive keys. Two auxiliary lever-keys are arranged in such mannerthat they can be moved by a slight inclination of the linger designedfor operating the corresponding main key, thirty-one other charactersbeing thus obtained twice over, so that the total number of charactersthat can be obtained with the two auxiliary lever-keys in connectionwith the main keys is ninety-one.

Another object of this machine is that by means of the especialmechanism the space is measured automatically, so as to correspond toeach letter to be printed, enabling the form of the type and the size tobe varied at will without inconvenience, and whereby in the same machinelarge and small letters of English script, printing-letters', Gothic,German, Greek, and Russian and other characters can be used.

A further object of the invention is to place the type at the endsof-small levers, which rise to make the impression on the paper, and tomount these letters on a wheel or disk, so that this machine isintermediate in construction and operation between the machines withkey-levers only and those with key-disks only and has all the'advantagesof both systems, with the inconvenience of neither.

Another object of the invention is to so construct the machine that thewriting will be in sight, and even the last letter or character writtencan be seen. Itis not necessary to double the paper in any way, andconsequently the machine can Write with equal fa` cility on thick or onthin paper, postal cards, visiting cards, tbc., and, finally, thereduced dimensions and lightness of the machine will render it easilyportable.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of theseveral parts, as will be hereinafter fully set forth, and pointed outin the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings,forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar characters ol' reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the typewriting machine, viewed fromthe front. Figs. 2 and 2, taken together, illustrate a verticallongitudinal section of the entire machine, the section being taken justback ot' the front casing on the line 2 2 of Figs. 3 and 3u. Figs. Sand3, taken together, illustratea plan View of the interior .mechanism ot'the machine, the top thereof having been removed. Fig. 4 is a sectiontaken substantially on the line 4 4 of Fig. 6, illustrating the leversconnected with the iive main keys in front elevation. Fig. 5isatransverse section taken practically on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4. Fig.6 is a transverse section through the machine near one end, the sectionbeing taken practically on the line 6 G of Figs. 2n and 4 andillustrates the key-operated cylinder in end view, one of the keys,shown in section, being raised. Fig. 7 is a transverse section taken onthe line 7 7 of Figs. 2 and 4, the key adapted for 0perating thecylinder having been pressed downward. Fig. 8 is a transverse sectionthrough the machine, taken at one end of the key-operated cylinder, aportion of the back of the machine-frame being broken away, the saidframe being in perspective, and likewise the key-operating cylinder and.parts immediately connected therewith. Fig. 9 isa transverse sectiontaken substantially on the line 9 9 of Fig. 2, a `portion of theribbon-operating device having been omitted to disclose other parts moreclearly. Fig. 10 is a detail view of the regulating-disk for thetype-wheel.

Fig. 11 is a diagrammatic View of the key-opone of the centering-guardsfor the type-levers. Figs. 18, 19, and 2O are transverse sectionsthrough a portion of the centering-guard IOO for a type-lever,illustrating different positions of regulating-arms with reference tothe centering-guide, the adjusting-arms being carried by a type-lever.Figs. 21 and 21a, taken together, illustrate a rear elevation of themachine, illustrating particularly the manner in which the paper to bewritten upon is supported on the machine. Fig. 22 is a transversesection through thev machine,taken substantially on the line 22 22 ofFig. 3. Fig. 23 represents a plan View of the inking device. Fig. 24 isa perspective view of the casingof the machine, viewed from the rear,the cover at the top being raised to disclose the inking device. Fig. 25is a transverse section through the rear portion of the machine,illustrating a modified form of paper-carrier in which the paper is inrolls instead of being flat. Fig. 26 is a plan view of a portion of theribbon-guide. Fig. 27 is an edge view of the said ribbon-guide. Fig. 28is a side elevation of the alarm device, and Fig. 29 is a plan view ofthe alarm device. Fig. 30 is a perspective View of a type-lever d rawnupon a large scale. Fig. 31 is a View similar to Fig. 30, the leverbeing shown complete. Fig. 32 is a similar View to Fig. 17, but drawnupon a larger scale, the type -lever being shown in its normal position.Fig. 33 is a detail view of a lever employed in the construction of themachine. Fig. 34 is a detail perspective View of parts of theribbon-controlling mechanism, portions being broken away. Fig. 35 is adetail sectional plan view of the drums of the ribbon-controllingmechanism and actuating devices therefor. Fig. 36 is a detail view ofthe automatic shifting-arm, shown in position in Figs. 34 and 35.

Fig. 37 is a detail perspective view of a portion of the carriage-feedmechanism, showing the pawlsin engagement with the rack. Fig. 38 is aview similar to Fig. 37, illustrating the pawls carried out ofengagement with the rack; and Fig. 39 is a perspective view of portionsof the carriage-shifting mechanism.

The principle upon which the machine is based, as heretofore mentioned,is to obtain a sign, letter, or space for each combination that can bemade with five keys. Iwill rst particularly describe the manner ofobtaining the different positions of the type-wheel corresponding tothose combinations; secondly, the type-Wheel and the manner of obtainingan impression from the type; thirdly, the space measure will bedescribed, and, fourthly, I will treat of the paper-carriage, itsmovement, and the various form-s that may be given it, and, finally, IWill describe the mechanism for and the manner of inking the type anddetail portions and modifications of the various parts.

The casing for the machine is shown as rectangular in cross-section,comprising a front board or plate A, end boards or plates A and A2, aback board or plate A3, a bottom A, and a top A5. A slot 10 is made inthe front board, extending nearly from end to end, and

a button 11 is arranged to slide over the slot from one end to the otherto effect a winding of the motor of the machine. An opening 13 is madein the back board of the casing, through which the type Wheel or disk isto' be passed. A hinged or a movable section 14 (shown best in Fig. 24)is located at the cen` ter and left-hand portion of the casing-top, andat the right-hand front portion of the casing-top a depression 15 ismade.

The five keys of the machine (designated, respectively, as 1, 2, 3, 4,and 5) are located over the depressed surface 15. A strong motor-spring16, similar to those used in clock mechanism, is placed near theleft-hand end of the casing, and one end 17 of this spring is fixed tothe casing, as shown in Fig. 2, the other end being attached to atubular shaft 18, upon which is mounted a drum 19 for the spring. shaft18, around which cylinder a metallic ribbon 20 is fully coiled when themotorspring is unwound. The metallic ribbon`20fL is secured at one endto the cylinder and is attached at its opposite end to an extension 11aof the button 11. A guide 21, secured to the inner front ofthe casing,engages with the metallic ribbon 2Oa Where it leaves the cylinder, asshown in Figs. 2 and 3. Whenever the motor-spring needs Winding, thebutton 11 is carried to the right-hand end of the front slot 10, drawingthe ribbon from the cylinder 2O and causing it and the shaft 18 torevolve in a direction to wind the motor-spring.

The power of the motor-spring 16 is transmitted t a gear 22,looselymounted upon the shaft 18, the transmission being through a dog23, carried by the gear and engaging with the toothed peripheral surface24 upon the drum 19. Apawl 25 is in engagement with the lower portion ofthe gear 22, as shown in Fig. 2, and serves to prevent the gear 22 andother Wheels connected with it from moving in an opposite direction tothat indicated by the arrows in Fig. 2 while the motor-spring is beingWound.

Asecond transverse shaft 26 is held to turn in the front and rear of thecasing at the right of the tubular shaft 18, and a gear 27 and a pinion28 are secured upon this shaft 26. The gear 22, operated directly fromthe motorspring, meshes with the pinion 28, and the driving-gear turningwith said pinion transmits su fliciently increased movement to adriving-pinion 29. The pinion 29 is mounted upon a transverse shaft 30at the left of the center of the machine and lower than the shafts 18and 26. The shaft 30 is journaled at its rear end in the rear wall ofthe casing and at its front end in a bearing 30, attached to the bottomof the casing.

In the drawings the diameter of the pinions 28 and 29 is one-sixth ofthediameter of the gears 22 and 27. Therefore for three and a halfrevolutions of the gear 22 the gear 27 will make twentyone revolutionsand the pinion 29 one hundred and twenty-six revolutions,

A cylinder 2O is secured upon the IOC IIO

esaoei s l v u u correspondmg to as many letters of the minimum width oftwo millimeters and the length of twenty-live centimeters, which is themaXimum number of letters or characters that can be used with such amachine as is shown in the drawings. It will be understood thatsuchmeasures are not absolute and that when the machines are beingconstructed they may be Varied as may be found desirable or convenient.

A disk 3l is mounted on the shaft 30. This disk is one of the principalparts of the machine, because each revolution that it makes produces theprincipal movements of the typewheel through the medium of variouslevers and connecting -rods to be hereinafter described.

It may here be stated and will be hereinafter described that at thefirst third of the movement of the disk 3l the type-wheel is placed inproper position to bring into action the selected type to make itsimpression. In the second third of the movement of the disk the typewill be forced to make its impression, and in the last third of themovement of the disk all of the parts of the type-wheel and parts of themachine coperating therewith are returned to their initial position, andthe paper will move a distance equal to the width of the type by meansof which the impression Was made. At this time we will only note thatthe movement of the disk 3l is communicated to a toothed sector 33,Figs. 2 and 3, which sectoris attached to the disk through the medium ofa connectingiod 34 and a spring 36, which is attached to the sector andto a sleeve 37, adj ustably attached to the said connecting-rod, asshown in Fig. 2. The sector 33 is in engagement with the pinion 38,which is mounted on a shaft 39, the said shaft being supported by anelongated bearing 40. Therforward end of the shaft is journaled in thefront of the casing, while the rear end of said shaft is immediatelyopposite the center of the opening 13 in the back of the casing wherethe type wheel or basket C is introduced, since said type wheel orbasket C, as shown in Fig. 9, is mounted upon the shaft 39.

A beveled gear 4l is secured upon the shaft 39, between the bearing forthe type-wheel or basket andthe bearing for the shaft, as shown in Figs.3 and 9. This wheel 4l meshes with a second wheel 42 of the same size,which is mounted upon a shaft 43, longitudinally placed in the casing,the shaft 43 being journaled in the right-hand end of the casing and inan intermediate partition 43, as illustrated in Fig. 2n. A cylinder B ismounted to slide and turn upon the shaft 43. The cylinder is held toturn with its shaft by means of a pin 44, carried by a disk 45, securedon the shaft 43, the pin 44 being adapted to enteran open ing 46 in theinner end of the cylinder.

A spring 47, bearing against the disk 45 and against the inner end ofthe cylinder, serves likewise to keep the cylinder in its initialposition always in engagement with the pin 44, this action of the spring47 being limited by a stop 48, located near the outer end of the shaft43, as illustrated in Fig. 2.

As the various positions of the type-wheel are the result of theinterference of grooves or notches to be hereinafter noticed, placed inthe cylinder B and in the parts directly.

'therefore be properly termed a controllingcylinder.

In Figs. 4, G, 7, and 8 I have illustrated somewhat in detail the partswhich coact with or operate upon the controlling-cylinder B.

Each key is supported by two guidestandards 49 and 50, the standard 49at the rear portion of each key being much longer than the forward4standards 50. The longer standards 49 move through openings produced ina horizontal board or partition 5l at the rear of the cylinder B andextending from the right-hand end of the machine to the verticalpartition 43. The upward movement of each key is limited by pins 49,passed through the lower ends of the guide-standards 49. A segmental ortriangular plate 52 is provided for each of the keys. Each of theseplates is mounted at its contracted end upon an independent sleeve 53,the sleeves being held to turn on a fixed shaft 54. From one side ofeach segmental or triangular plate 52 a pin 55 is projected, adapted toenter and to travel in curved slots 52, one of Said slots being made inthe lower vportion of each key-standard 49. From the opposite side ofeach segmental or triangular plate, near the junction of its forwardwith its top edge, a second p in 56 is projected, the pins 55 beingabout midway between the forward lower and forward upper edges of theplates. Each upper pin 56 of each plate 52 is made to enter an angularslot 57, made in an arm 58, one of said arms being provided for eachplate 52. 58 at its upper end is secured upon a sleeve 59, and eachsleeve is loosely mounted upon the crank-arm of a crank-shaft 60,journaled likewise in the right-hand end of the casing or frame and thevertical partition 43a.

-Referring to Fig. 6, the key 5 is shown in its normal or initialposition. key is pressed, the said key will carry down with it thelonger guide-standard 49. Then this standard descends, it will cause thepin 55 in the plate 52 belonging to that key to move to the rear. Bythis movement of the plate or sector 52 of the key 5 the upper pin 56will also move, tracing the arc of a circle equal to that traced by thelower pin 55, consequently causing the arm 58, connected with the sectoror plate 52, to move forward, and the point 6l, which is provided at thelower Each arm Suppose the IOO IIO

end of the forward edge of each arm 58, will be made to penetrate totheinterior of the cylinder B. The parts will then be in the position shownin Fig. 7.

The operation will be the same when two keys are touched or pressed, thepoints 61 of the respective arms 58 penetrating the cylinder B. Thepoint 61 of the arms belonging to the keys that are not touched willremain outside of or disengaged from the cylinder, as shown in Fig.6-that is, three or four points will remain in this position, accordingto whether two or one key is struck. The action, however, will not bethe same if three, four, or five keys are struck, but just thecontrary-namely, the points 61 on the arms 58 corresponding'to the keysstruck will remain outside of the cylinder B, and the one or two pointsof the remaining keys, as the case may be, corresponding to the keys notstruck will penetrate the cylinder, and, consequently, when ve keys arestruck simultaneously none of the points of the arms 58 will be moved indirection of the cylinder. This is accomplished by means of themechanism shown particularly in Figs. 4, 5, and 8, wherein it will beobserved that at the lower end of each segmental or triangular plate orsector 52 an opening 62 is made, and a cord or chain 63 is passedthrough the openings 62 of all the sectors or plates and throughguide-eyes 64, located on the horizontal partition 5l, the outer end ofthe cord or chain 63 being attached to a block or keeper -65 of anyapproved construction. The opposite end of the cord or chain 63 iscarried upward around and is attached to the periphery of the groovedpulley 66, which is mounted to turn on a shaft 67, located in front ofthe shaft 54, the said shaft being secured in the vertical partition 43aand a near-by partition 68, as is particularly shown in Fig. 4. Thepulley is held in its initial or its normal position by means of aspring 69, coiled around the shaft 67, having bearing on the partition68 at oneend and at the other end being made to engage with a pin 70,which is eccentrically secured on the inner face of the pulley.

In connection with the pulley an eccentric 71 is employed, of specialform, as shown in Fig. 5. This eccentric comprises an oval vskeletonbody which receives within it the shaft 67 and the pin 70 on the pulley,together with a shank projected from the body, which shank is attachedto the inner end portion of not moving and the crank-shaft 60 remainingin the position shown in Figs. 4, 6, 7, and 8. If two keys are struck,the pin 70 will move to the position marked a in Fig. 5, the eccentricand crankshaft remaining as be-` fore; but if three keys are struck thepin 70 will reach the position a2 shown in Fig. 5 and the eccentric 71will move until its upper arc touches the shaft 67 and its lower arctouches the pin 70, and consequently the crank-shaft 60 will move overthe arc of a circle equal to that traveled by the eccentric 71, thenremaining in the position represented in Fig. S--that is, having causedthe arms 58 to move downward a certain distance and the pins 56 of thesegmental plates or sectors 52 not remaining in the center of thegrooves of the arms 58 corresponding to the keys not struck, as shown inFig. 6, but in the upper part of the grooves 52a, as can be seen in Fig.8 at key 4. This action consequently causes the point 61 of the key orkeys not struck to penetrate into the cylinder, while the keys that havebeen struck will cause their points 61 to pass out of the cylinder, (forexample, see key 5 in Fig. 8,) which is simply the consequence of theespecial form of the grooves 57 in the arms 58. The result will be thesame if four keys are struck, since then the pin 70 on the pulley 66will reach the position a3 shown in Fig. 5, leaving the eccentric as inthe former instance, and the same action4 will occur if five keys arestruck, since then the pin 70 of the pulley 66 will reach the positiona4 shown in Fig. 5, leaving the eccentric in the same position. Withthis mechanism it is possible to reduce all the combinations that can bemade with 5 keys to five one-by-one combinations and ten tWo-by-twocombinations. Theone-by-onecombinations are the fiveindependently-operated keys 1 2 3 4 5, and these combinations correspondto the four-by-four combinations, which are also five in number-namely,the combination reading 2 3 4 5, 1 3 4 5, 1 2 4 5, and l 2 3 4-for, ashas been stated in this case, the point 61 corresponding to the key notstruck penetrates the cylinder B- that is, in the combination of thekeys 2 3 4 5 the point of the key 1 operates upon the cylinder and inthe combination of keys l 3 4 5 the point of the key 2 is brought intoaction on the cylinder, but at a certain distance below the place wherethe point 61 in the combination of keys one-by-one penetrates. In thesame way the combinations of two-bytwo keys are ten-na1nely, keys 1 2, 13, 1 4, 15, 23, 24, 25, 34, 35, and45. Forthe ten combinations of keyscorresponding to those taken three by three the following. groups ofkeys are simultaneously operated: 345, 245, 235, 234, 145, 135, 134, 1 25, 1 2 4, and 1 2 3; for in the three-bythree combinations of keys-thatis, striking three keys-the points 61 appertaining only to the two keysnot struck penetrate the cylinder. In the first case the points of theIIO keys l and 2 enter the cylinder, in the second the keys l and 3,85e.; but, as in the former case, the points enter the cylinder acertain distance below where the key-points in the two-by-twocombinations penetrate the cylinder. In regard to the last combinationof keys l 2 3 4y 5, which consists in striking all ve keys at the sametime, all the keypoints 6l will be carried away from the cylinder, sothat the cylinder turns freely until a stop 73 at the top of the casingstrikes a stop 74 on the cylinder, as shown in Figs. 6 and 8. 1n thismanner the thirty-one combinations that can be made with five keys arereduced to five one-by-one combinations, which are received in thecylinder B twice; ten combinations of two-by-two keys, which are alsoreceived twice, and the single combination of five-by-five keys.

I will now describe the cylinder B, which will finish the explanation ofthis portion of the mechanism. In Fig. Il I have shown the cylinder B asunrolled or flat. The surface of the cylinder is divided into ve zones,l, 2, 3a, 4a, and 5, which zones are respectively adapted to intersector receive the points 6l of the arms connected with the five keys, whichkeys have been heretofore designated as l, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Withreference to the zone l, corresponding to the key l, Fig. 1l, in theupper part of this zone an inclined cut 76 is produced, which cutafterward continues vertically, as shown at 77, terminating at itsclosed end in a wall 78. In the zone 2a, corresponding to the key 2, theinclined cut 79 is shorter, the vertical section SO being wider andterminating in two steps 81 and 82. In the zone 3a, corresponding to thekey 3, the inclined cut 83 is still shorter, and the vertical portion84.0f the cut is wider and terminatesin three steps 85, 86, and 87. Thezone 4 has an inclined cut 88, which is still shorter, the verticalsection S9 of said cut being wider, terminating in four steps 90, 91,92, and 93. Finally, in the zone 5 there is no inclined cut, but astraight cut 94, having one of its sides provided with five steps 95,96, 97, 98, and 99. The Zones or cuts are graduated in length, the zonel.a being the longest.

Suppose the key l to be touched-that is, we cause its point Gl topenetrate the cylinder B at the inclined portion 76 of the zone l, Vhenthe cylinder turns, (a movement equivalent to an upward movement in thediagrammatical view Fig. 11,) it will turn in the direction of the frontof the casing, the inclined cut portion of the zone l@ sliding on thepoint 6l of the key l, not stopping until said point 6l engages thestepped or closed end 78 of the iirst zone or cut, permitting theimpression of a letter or sign on the typewheel C, to be hereinafterdescribed, corresponding to that position of the cylinder. It will beunderstood that whenever a key-point 6l enters a zone the cylinder isforced to the left and is brought in driving engagement with the shaft43 through the medium of the pin 44, heretofore referred to and carriedby said shaft.

If Vthe key 2 is struck, theresult will be the same as that justdescribed, the movement ofthe cylinder ceasing when the point (il,corresponding to this key, engages the step 8l of the second zone, thuspermitting the impression of another letter or sign corresponding in thetype-wheel to this new position ofthe cylinder. In a similar manner thecylinder will be stopped when the point 61, corresponding to the key 3,engages the step S5 of the third zone, and when the key 4 engages thestep 90 of the fourth zone, and also when the point of the key 5 engagesthe step 95 of the fifth zone. IVe have thus five positions of thecylinder, each corresponding to five levers on the type-wheel C and tothe tive oneby-one combinations.

With reference to the two-by-two combinations the first consists in`striking at the same time the two keys l and 2. Their points 61penetrate the cylinder, which turns toward the front, as stated, theinclined cut portions of the zones l and 2L sliding on the points 6l;but as the inclined portion of the zone la is longer than thecorresponding portion of the zone 2a and embraces a zone of the cylinderequal to four and a half times the width or tread of the step, while thecnt on the second zone is only three and a half times such width, thecylinder will move to the left to present the proper type upon thetype-wheel, being caused to do so by the point 6l of the key 1. Themovement ofthe cylinder to the left is a distance which corresponds tothe inclined cut portion of this zone, and consequently its movement isstopped when the point (il of the key 2 engages the step or closed end82 of the zone 2a, which gives another letter or sign corresponding tothe combination (i 2*?) The second combination corresponds to the keys lto 3. When their two points penetrate the cylinder and the latter moves,they cause it to move to the left by means of the point 6l of the firstkey acting upon the inclined surface of the cut of the first zone l forthe distance that this portion of the Zone causes the cylinder to move,which is, as has already been stated, four and a half times the width ofastep, such being the length of the inclined surface belonging lo thiszone, while that of IOO IIO

IIS

the zone 3 is only two and a half times that width. Therefore the point6l of the third key entering the zone 3 willbe the one to stop thecylinder when said point engages the step or closed end S7 of the thirdZone. A like action will take place when the keysl to4 are struck, forthe movement of the cylinder caused by the action of the point 6l of key4 on the inclined portion of zone 4a is only one and a half times theWidth of a step, so that this time, as before, the end movement of thecylinder depends on the point (il of the key l. The point of the key 4striking the stop or closed end 93 of the fourth zone determines theextent of the rotary motion of the cylinder. In the combination 1 5 theextent of end movement will be determined by the point of the key 1striking the inclined surface of the first zone, and the cylinder willbe stopped from rotating when the point of key 5 engages with the stepor end portion 99 of thefifth zone. The explanation of the combinations2 3, 2 4, and 2 5 is similar, the difference being that the movement ofthe cylinder in these cases is three and a half times the width of thestep which corresponds to the key 2, which is the first oi' thesecombinations, the movement of the cylinder being longer when such key isoperated than is the case in the operation of the keys 3, 4, or 5, sothat, as will be understood in the combination 2 3, the cylinder willengage with the point 61, corresponding to key 3 at the step 86 of thethird zone. In 2 4 it will stop when the point 61, corresponding to thekey 4, engages the step 92 of the fourth zone, and in 2 5 the step 98willbe the one that stops the rotation of the cylinder.

For the combinations 3 4 and 3 5 the point 61, corresponding to key 3,will control the end movement of the cylinder, and the points 61, whichcorrespond to the keys 4 and 5, will in each case control the degree ofrotation of the cylinder, striking, respectively, the steps 91 and 97,and, finally, the step 96 will correspond to the combination 4 5. Thusis indicated the ten corresponding positions of the cylinderin thetwo-by-two combinations.

From the above it is evident that fifteen combinations on the cylinderhave been obtained corresponding lo the one-byone and ytwo-by-twocombinations, embracing positions of the cylinder marked 78, 81, 85, 90,and

95, s2, 87, 93, and 99; so, 92, 9s, 91, 97, and

96, disclosed in Fig. 11, and the steps enumerated are equidistant andcorrespond to an equal number of levers in the type-wheel, which arealso placed equal distances apart.

Referring to the type-wheel, there are fifteen levers employed withtheir correspond- `ing type in addition to the fifteen already mentionedand placed between the latter, which fteen additional levers correspondto the fifteen three-by-three and four-by-four key combinations. Thestudy of these other fifteen combinations is very simple, since, as'

has been shown, they are complementary to the fifteen one-by-one andtwo-by-two combinations and equivalent to them. Note Fig. 11 of thedrawings and suppose, for example, the combination of keys 3 4 5, inwhich case, as has been seen, the points 61, corresponding to the keys 34 5, will not be the ones to penetrate the cylinder; but the points ofthe keys which have not been strucknamely, the points 61 of the keys 12will be the ones to penetrate said cylinder, but at a certain distancebelow the position where the key-points 61 would engage with thecylinder in carrying out the key combination 1 2, this distance beingexactly equal to half the length or height of one step, so that in thecase just set forth the cylinder will stop again when the step 82 isengaged by the point 61, corresponding to the second zone, but at adistance equal to half the height of a step lower down, which in thiscase corresponds to two-by-two combination, for the points 61 will nowbe this distance lower in order that the type-wheel C shall present forthe impression the lever between those of the combinations correspondingto the steps 82 and 78. In the combination 2 4 5, which corresponds tothe combination 1 3, the step 87 will be the one engaged by the newlever corresponding in this case half a step lower down than that markedin the corresponding case 1 3, referred to above, the. The same willhappen in the four-by-four combinations, which will be equivalent toone-by-one combinations. For example, the combination 2 3 4 5, which isequivalent to 1,will be marked by the step 78 at the distance of half astep lower down than in the event the key l were struck. The combination1 2 3 4 is equivalent to the single key 5 and will be determined by thestep 95, and the key will be stopped half a step lower down than in theequivalent case, the., so that the iifteen other combinationscorresponding to the three-by-three and fou r-by-four combinations havebeen provided for. It is thus seen how by means of the cylinder B thethirty-one one-byone, two-by-two, three-by-three, fourby-four, andive-by-ive combinations are determined, which correspond to thethirty-one levers of the type-wheel C, and at this point it may bestated that the iive-by-five combination is the one used for spacing andcorresponds to one type-wheel lever without type, which is shown in thetype-Wheel, Fig. 12.

With reference to the type-wheel and the printing said wheel C consistsof a disk 100, provided with an attaching-sleeve 101, adapted to becarried over the rear end of the shaft 39, as shown in Fig. 9. A seconddisk 102 is attached to the forward end of the sleeve 101, the forwarddisk 102, which is smaller than the rear disk 100, being made to engagewith the back of the beveled gear 4l, also shown in Fig. 9, beingcompelled to turn therewith by a pin 103, fastened to the gear andpassing through an opening in the disk. A latch 104 of any approveddescription is located at the rear end of the shaft 39 and engages withwhat may be termed the crown-disk 100 of the type-wheel, as is alsoshown in Fig. 9, preventing the wheel from leaving the shaft 39, yetadmitting of its being readily taken o when desired. The periphery ofthe croWndisk 100 is provided with lugs 105, arranged at equal distancesapart, a groove 106 being made in the outer end of each lug, as shown inFig. 15, the space between the lugs being designated as 107.

Each type-lever c,carried by the type-wheel,

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with the exception of one to be hereinafter noted, consists of a knuckle108, adapted to fit within a recess 107, (see Figs. 13 and 15,) theknuckle being provided with a flange 109 engaging with the front face ofthe crowndisk to determine the angularity of the aforesaid lever. Asleeve 110 is secured to the knuckle 10S, having a recessed outer end,and the body of the lever consists of two tubular sections 111 and 112,both sections being held to turn upon a rod 113, which is passed throughthem and is attached to the sleeve 110. The rear section 111 of thelever is adapted to turn about ninety degrees in the direction of theright-hand end of the machine, and the forward section 112 is adapted toturn to the right with the rear section and turn independently towardthe left-hand end of the machine about ninety degrees. When the leversare placed in the spaces between the lugs 105 of the crown-disk of thetype Wheel, they are hinged or pivoted thereon usually by passing a wire1061 through all the knuckles and across the grooved portions of thelugs 105 and securing the wire at its ends in any approved manner, asshown in Figs. 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17.

At the forward or free end of each typelever au angular head 114 issecured to the outer tubular body-section 112, these heads beingpreferably of an angular shape, their bases facing the rear. An arm 115is attached to the outer tubular `section 112 of each typelever, andanother arm 116 is attached to the rear tubular section 111. These armsare placed end to end and are located on the tubular body-sections wherethe said sections come together. In connection with each typelever aspring c is employed. (Shown in detail in Fig. 14.) This spring isprovided with a coil 117, arranged to be passed over the knuckle of atype-lever and have bearing against the upper face of the crown-disk ofthe type-weeel, as shown in Fig. 1G, the spring is then carried forwardat an angle to the rear coil 118, which is made to surround the reartubular body-section 111, and, finally, a second and right-hand coil 119is made near the forward end of the spring, which closely embraces theouter tubular section 112, the forward end of the spring being securedto a post 120 near the forward end of the lever, as shown in Fig. 16.

Two levers 122 and 123 have movement in two of the keys, usually thekeys 1 and 2, being adapted to bring in printing position either theupper or the lower case type on the type-wheel. These levers, as shownin Fig. 2 especially, being also shown in Fig. 3a, each have a rod 121projected downward therefrom, entering the casing and engaging withoffset-s 125, located on the shifting rod 126, held to slide at the backof the casing, as shown in Figs. 2a and 3a: The inner end of theshifting rod 126 engages with a shifting plate 127, held to slide in aframe 12S, secured to the back portion of the casing, as

shown in Fig. 2a. The shifting plate 127, together with the shifting rod126, is held in its normal position by means of a spring 129. When theshifting rod 126 is acted upon by either of the shifting levers 122 and123, the spring 129 is placed under tension, and one of the shiftinglevers will impart a much greater throw to the shifting plate 127 thanthe other. Since there is lost motion between one lever and the partsmoved thereby, the

.shifting plate 127 is actuated by this particular lever a shorterdistance than by its mating lever.

At the inner end of the shifting plate 127 aforwardly-extending segment130 is formed. This segment extends to a loose engagement with aguide-plate 131, comprising a horizontal base-section and au upwardlyand forwardlyinclined bodysection,as shown in Fig. 17, the body-sectionbeing provided with an opening132, usually of cruciform shape. Animpression-lever 133 (shown in Fig. 9) is employed for lifting theuppermost type-lever. Said shifting lever, whose operation will behereinafter set forth, is provided at its rear end with a fork 131,adapted to receive a tooth-like projection 135, one of which is uponeach type-lever at the junction of the sleeve 110 with the knuckle 10S.

When a type-lever is to be raised, the upper member of the fork 134 ofthe impression-lever 133 will engage directly with the under face of thetype-lever, carrying the same upward, the toothed projection 135 beingreceived between the members of the fork engaging with the upper memberof said fork when the type-lever is in its upper position. When theimpression -lever returns to its initial position, the type-lever isreturned also to'its initial position through the medium of its attachedspring. The heads 114 of the type-levers being triangular present manyfaces, and as thirty-one type-levers are usually employed, although agreater or a less number may be used, I am enabled to print thirty signsor characters, placed, for example, on the outer or what may be termedthe trapezia faces of the type-carrier heads, as shown in Fig. 12. Thehead of each typelever has at least three type-faces. Usually on theouter or front faces twenty signs 0r characters are made and tennumbers, while ou the trapezia faces at the left small letters areproduced, and on the trapezia faces at the right the capitals areformed, making a total of ninety types and a space, at which space aplain lever 13G is carried by the wheel in like manner as thetype-levers. The lower triangles or trapezia faces could be used, ifdesired, especially when the types are in the opposite triangles ortrapezia faces, since, when on account of their size or shape some are alittle larger than the space, it is pref erable that they should notoccupy the rear triangle or trapezia face of a head. It is possible toplace the type thus even when a type occupies a slightly-greater lengthand IOO IIC

width than ordinarily by enlarging the face of the impression-head onwhich the type are produced, as shown in Fig. 12 and as likewise shownin full lines in Fig. 9. Such an enlargement is required principallywith the capitals of the English script. Note, for example, the letter Min the front impression-head in Fig. 9 and the space required for thescript small letter f in Fig. 12,

where the suitable enlargement is made without any inconvenience andsuch an enlarge, ment would probably need to be made for the (L g, j??(Cpv C( (1,77 CG 57.)) These difficulties, however, occur only with theordinary script of a particularly large size, for with the other formsof type there is no difficulty.

The operation of obtaining, when desired, any of the thirty signs placedin the triangles outside of the type-wheel or thirty small letters orsigns placed in the trapezia face at the left or the thirty capitals orsigusin the trape- Zia face at the right is as follows: In Fig. 17 atype-lever is shown in printing position-that is, neither of theshifting levers 122 and 123 has Ibeen touched. Under these conditionswhen atype-lever is raised the arm 115 of this lever strikes the segment130 upon its outer face, as shown particularly in Fig. 1S, causing it toturn ninety degrees to the right and present a small letter to thepaper. Then the shifting lever 123 is brought into action, the segment130 is advanced, as shown in Fig. 19, and takes such a position thatwhen the type-lever rises it brings the arm 116`in engagement with theinner face of the segment, turning the said arm ninety degrees to theleft, presenting to the paper a capital letter, as shown in Fig. 32. Ifthe shifting lever 122 is manipulated, the segment takes the positionshown in Fig. 20 so far in ad- Vance of the arms 115 and 116 of thetypelever as not to act thereon---that is to say, the type-lever willrise supported by the spring mounted upon it without inclining to eitherside and present its normal type-face to the paper. Vhen the type-leversreturn to their normal position, they are held in place by the springswhich they carry, and said springs will serve, as soon as theimpression-lever is released from the type-lever, to force thetype-lever to its normal position; but when the type or impression headof the lever shall have assumed its normal facing and before the leverreaches its normal position on the type-Wheel the guide-plate 131 isprovided, whereby the type-lever will pass through a slot 132 in theplate, and the form of the slot will insure that the arms 115 and 116shall assume the right position, since they could not pass through theslot when in any other position.

I will now describe in detail the connections between the drivin(rmechanism, the sector operating the cylinder B, the impression-lever133, and keys, which connections have been heretofore casually alludedto,

the construction being shown particularly in Figs. 2 and 3. The disk 3lis provided with a cam -groove or recess 136, comprising a concentricsection b and a section b', eccentric to the center of the groove, thelatter having about onethird the circumference of the disk, and at onepoint of connection of the eccentric and concentric sections of thecam-groove the said groove is enlarged, as shown at b2 in Fig. 2. Thedisk turns in the direction of the arrow or toward the left, and a pin137 is secured upon its periphery at a point nearly diagonally oppositewhere the cam-race enlargement or pocket b2 is located. The onlyconnection between the rod 34, actuated from -the disk 31, and thetoothed sector 33 is the spring 36; but the rod is guided in itsmovement by an arm 138, having an attached sleeve 139, whereby the armis loosely mounted upon the transverse shaft 32 and forms a loose crankextension of the same, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

It will be understood that each key is provided with a rear longguide-standard 49 and a forward short one, 50. (See Figs. 6, 7, and 8.)When a key is depressed, the short standard of that key will be broughtin contact with a bow-shaft 140 and depress the same until its downwardmovement is checked by a stop 141,- located at the front inner face ofthe casing. The various positions of the bow-shaft are shown in Figs. 2,5, 6, 7, and 8. The body of the bow-shaft extends longitudinally infront of the cylinder B, its ends being carried rearward at the endportions of the cylinder and journaled, respectively, in the right-handend of the casing and in the partition 43a, as shown in Figs. 2a and 3a.The left-hand end of said shaft has a crank 142, and said crank 142 isconnected by a link 143 with a crank-arm 144 at one end of ahorizontalshaft 145, mounted to rock in the bottom portion of'the casing. Theopposite or innermost end of the rock-shaft is near the periphery of thedisk 31 and is secured to a brake 146, designed for use 011 the disk,which brake is shown in Figs. 2, 9, and 10. The brake consists of a bodysecured to the rock-shaft and two upwardlyextending arms el and d. Thearm d is the longest and is the actual brake-arm, being provided with aplain crank cl2 at its upper end for engagement with the disk-pin 137.The object of the shorter member or arm d is to prevent the disk 3l fromturning more than a complete revolution for each movement of the brake.The two arms, while they diverge slightly, face one another, and theshorter arm is also provided with a crank d3, which extends in directionof the longer arm, as is clearly shown in Fig. 10.

The impression-lever 133 is usually of angular shape, as disclosed inFig. 9, and its upright member is secured upon a rock-shaft 147,provided with a crank-arm 148. The

shaft 147 is journaled at one end in a standard 149, supported from themain bearing 40,

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and at the other end the shaft is journaled in a cross-bar 150, as shownin Fig. 3. A link 151 is attached to the crank-arm 148, as shown in Fig.9, and also to the free end of a lever 152, fulcrumed at its oppositeend in bearings 153 at the bottom of the casing. A pin 154 is secured tothe lever at or near its center, extending into the cam groove or race136 of the disk 31. A projection 155 is formed at the lower portion ofthe link 151, and a spring 156 is secured to the projection and a fixedsupport. The tendency of the spring 156 is to draw the link downward andso rock the shaft 147 as to raise the impression-lever.

In the operation of the machine let it be supposed that one or more keyshave been struck and that the points 61, corresponding to those keys,have entered or are clear-of the cylinder B, according to thecombination of keys employed. The key or keys that have been struck beardown the bow-shaft 140 through the medium of their front standards 50.As the bow-shaft descends it communicates movement to the rock-shaft 145through the connecting-link 143, the movement of said shaft being suchas to remove the brake 146 from the disk 31, leaving the latter free toturn. As the disk revolves it carries with it the connecting-rod 34,causing the descent of the crank-arm 138 and drawing also uponthe spring36, connected with the toothed sector 33. By reason of this spring thetoothed sector will be caused to descend and impart movement to thepinion, it being understood that the power of the motor is constantlyapplied to the shaft upon which the disk 31 is secured. The movement ofthe pinion 38 produces the revolution of the shaft 39 and consequentmovement of the type-wheel C, the gears 41 and 42, the shaft 43, and thecylinder B when the latter is coupled to the shaft 43. This movementwill continue until the points 6l, corresponding to the combinationstruck, stop the cylinder B, and consequently stop the type-wheel in theplace correspond- .ing to this combination; but as the movement of thedisk 3l continues the only thing that it will do is to tighten thespring 36. The bowshaft may be returned to its initial position by thereturn of the controlling mechanism connected with said shaft.

It will be well to note here that the maximum movement of the cylinderB-that is, when it makes a complete revolution-corresponds to the thirdpart of a revolution of the disk 31, so that when the disk 31 arrives atthis point of its movement the type-wheel C will certainly be situatedconveniently for the printing of the special type. The moment after thedisk 31 has made a third part of its movement the pocket b2 in thecam-groove will receive the pin 154 of the lever 152, permitting thelever to drop and, with the assistance of the spring 156, draw down uponthe link 151, rocking the shaft 147 and lifting the impression-lever133, theim pression of the desired type being thus obtained. (See Fig.9.) Before the disk 31 ends the second third of its movement theeccentric portion b of the cam-groove 136 will bring the lever 152 andall the parts connected with it back to their initial position, so thatwhen the disk 31 makes the third and last part of its movement the rod34 returns to its iirst position, as do also the sector 33, thetype-wheel C, and the cylinder B. The pin 137 of the disk 31 now engagesthe brake 146 for the disk and all of said parts remain in their normalposition, which is shown in Figs. 2, 2a, 3, and 3j, the mechanism beingready for the impression of a new type.

lt 1n ay sometimes happen that at the end ot' the movement of the disk3l the standards 50 ot' the keys may not'ascend, and the brakepiece 146would not be returned to its initial position, and Linder suchconditions the disk would continue to turn. This is'obviated by usingthe auxiliary brake-arm d in addition to the actual brake-arm d, asshown in Fig. 10. Under such an arrangement if the actual brake-armshould still remain out of the path of the pin on the disk the pin wouldstrike the auxiliary brake-arm d' and the disk would be prevented fromrevolving until the actual brake would respond, and in doing so it wouldsimply be substituted for the auxiliary brake, and the disk would move adistance equal only to that between the crankheads ,of the saidbrake-arms. Each time that a key is struck the disk 31 will make onerevolution only.

Each lever of the type-wheel is provided `with a plate 157, located justbelow the typehead, and this plate acts largely as a spacemeasurer whena lever is carried up to printing position. When a type-lever occupiessuch a position, it will engage with a spacinglever 15S, (shownparticularly in Fig. 3,) which is pivoted upon a suitable standard 159.(Shown alsoin Fig. 9.) A rod 160 is connected with the free end of thelever 153, and said lever is struck and moved in direction of theleft-hand end of the machine when a typelever is in the aforesaidprinting position. The rod 160 is pivoted to an arm 161, the said armbeing attached to a transverse shaft 163, which is shown in Figs. 3 and9. A lever 164 is attached to the rear port-ion of the shaft 163, andsaid lever may be a continuation of the arm 161, and near the forwardend of said shaft 163 a second lever 165 is attached. The lever 164 isprovided at its lower end with an attached pawl 166, which engages witha rack 167, forming a portion of the paper-carrier, to be nextdescribed. The lever 165, attached to the shaft 163, is adapted to beoperated by a pin 16S, projected from the disk 31 through the medium ofthe leverarm 165. (Shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 9.) Each lever-arm 164 and165 is of a length double that of the arm 161, connected with the rod160, so that the ends of the lever-arms 164 and 165 move a distanceequal to the width IOO

